There are some differences between the various authors.
For instance BB Verma (in 1959) quotes a figure 97,328 for 1931 (total for all groups of Paharias).
But PN Behl (in 1991) quotes a figure of around 194,655 for the same 1931 and quotes the 1965 Santal Parganas Gazetteer as his source. His figure 80,088 for 1951 is closer to Verma's figures and DP Sinha's figure for 1961.

Two articles in the 1991 Bulletin quote a figure for Sauria Paharias (alone) that is near 53,500. DP Sinha says his is the 1961 census data, while PP Hembrom says his number is the 1971 census data. Both figures in this Bulletin slightly different from the 1961 and 1971 census figures as reported in the 1979 Bulletin.

Have also done more work on the internet data on Litipara provided by the Tribal Research Institute from their 2002 survey. I have selected 28 or 29 villages in which the data resembles the 2001 census data. In these villages there is a 2.5% increase in Sauria Paharia population in one year.(This is in agreement with a possible crude birth rate of around 40 and a death rate of around 15 which is close to some data that I have from the health work of a project near Barhait).

However the decadal increase is only 14%. We can compare with the lists I
sent earlier of over 50 identifiable census villages had a decadal increase of over 21%. TRI had surveyed about half the population of these villages (some residents recorded in the census may be Santal or non-tribal).
Thus there seems to be a high death rate in the Sauria Paharia (Malto/ Maler) children ~ about (25-14)x1000/100= 110 of every 1000 children who reached the age of 1 year have died over the decade.

In particular I looked at the villages near Khambi where I worked during
1992-1997. Here the population rose from about 2096 to around 2692 in one
decade. The TRI team surveyed 45% of this population. However I am
reasonably sure that all the residents of Baro/ Banru, Surma and Khambi are Malto. Am not clear whether Simolkundi and Simoljuri refer to the same village.

The Malto village of Bon Jhirli seems to be included under the bigger area of Jhirli. And Parwabheta (maybe Paiyabheta of the census) is not surveyed by TRI.
My own medical work (part of a government scheme under the Tribal Sub Plan) found a lot of malaria, quite a bit of TB and Kala Azar in these villages.
TRI has not surveyed Satia. There is a hostel here, which started after 1991 and that is why there is a suddenn increase of 200 in the census population. The same diseases were common here and in the villages called Margo and at Mukri Pahar (maybe called Makri in the census).
Prabir

References-
Bulletin of Tribal Research Institute Vol I 1959 Ed BS Guha, Vol XXII 1980 SP Gupta,Vol XXI 1979, Vol XXXI 1991
"Beru" 1993 Ed Subhas Sharma (DC Sahebganj)
Census 1991 Pakur
Census 2001 Pakur
Jharkhand Tribal Research Institute- Data from 2002 Survey available on
internet

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